Gilgamesh and Joseph Campbells Monomyth

Every great story requires a hero or heroes. The success of any story depends on how well the readers can align and relate to the story’s hero/heroes. Some stories create heroes that progress from the mythical world into the real world. One of the stories that feature an ancient hero who is still popular today is â€Å"The Epic of Gilgamesh†.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Gilgamesh and Joseph Campbell’s Monomyth specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This Mesopotamian epic features a number of heroes including King Gilgamesh. Gilgamesh, the ancient Mesopotamian King is on a quest of immortality. The type of hero epitomized by Gilgamesh can be analyzed using Joseph Campbell’s â€Å"monomyth†. Campbell discusses heroism in his book â€Å"The Hero with a Thousand Faces†. According to Campbell, there are three main stages in a hero’s journey. These stages include separatio n, initiation, and return. All these stages in a hero’s journey have sub categories. For instance, the separation stage encompasses a â€Å"call to adventure, refusal to heed the call, and a crossing of the first threshold† (Campbell 34). Gilgamesh as a hero can be analyzed using definitions from Campbell’s book. Gilgamesh’s journey of heroism coincides with Campbell’s monomyth. According to Campbell, a hero’s journey begins with a departure from something or somewhere. This departure involves a call to adventure. At first, the hero refuses the call but eventually he crosses the threshold. In Gilgamesh’s case, the call to adventure begins when a trapper asks for his help. The trapper requests Gilgamesh to help him deal with â€Å"a fellow who comes from the mountain† (Kovacs 8). Through this initial call, Gilgamesh is introduced to a world of nature that he finds hard to understand. Campbell notes that after this initial call t o adventure, a hero will often refuse to accept the request. Gilgamesh exemplifies this refusal when his compatriot Enkidu tells him not to go on the quest. Although Gilgamesh’s initial refusal lasts for a very short time, it is still signifies initial hesitation. After this initial refusal, both Enkidu and Gilgamesh eventually agree to face Humbaba in a quest that takes part inside the cedar forest.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Campbell asserts that after a hero accepts the call to adventure, he is then likely to acquire supernatural help. This help often comes from a â€Å"protective figure that represents destiny’s power† (Campbell 70). Gilgamesh receives this power from Shamash the sun god. The supernatural power in this case is requested by Ninsun, Gilgamesh’s mother. Before she addresses Shamash, Ninsun â€Å"washes herself with the pu rity plant, dons a worthy robe, and puts on her crown† (Kovacs 17). She does this in order to get the attention of the revered sun god. The intervention of this supernatural power gives Gilgamesh the bravery to face the fierce Humbaba. Shamash is able to defeat Humbaba with his fire spitting mouth using his thirteen winds. The only difference between Gilgamesh’s heroism and Campbell’s definition is that the hero in this story does not refuse to accept supernatural help. Campbell asserts that heroes often possess a â€Å"hardened heart† and they are initially reluctant to accept help from supernatural beings. Gilgamesh does not align with this mode of heroism because he is eager to enlist Shamash’s help in his quest against Humbaba. Before an ordinary human being can be fully transformed to a hero, he has to cross a threshold that opens up his life to danger and darkness (Campbell 77). This threshold is often protected by a larger than life entity. I n Gilgamesh’s case, this happens when he enters the cedar forest that is protected by Humbaba the terrible. Campbell states that a hero has to cross the threshold and enter a world of â€Å"darkness and unknown danger†. Gilgamesh’s transition is preempted when the author writes that Gilgamesh and Enkidu â€Å"stood at the edge of the forest†¦gazing at the entrance to the forest† (Kovacs 41). According to Campbell, the hero is initiated after being separated. This initiation stage is characterized by the hero’s metamorphosis. During this stage, the hero has to undergo various trials and tribulations before achieving an exalted form.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Gilgamesh and Joseph Campbell’s Monomyth specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For Gilgamesh, these trials are exemplified through his â€Å"journey through the; scorpion beings, road to the sun, garden of jewe ls, waters of death, and eventually to Utanapishtim’s home† (Kovacs 93). After all these trials, Gilgamesh has almost achieved a new life form. The last part of a hero’s journey according to Campbell is the Hero’s return. Once a hero has overcome all his trials, he must contemplate a return. In addition, the hero has to return with a significant victory. Sometimes the hero refuses to return at first but he eventually agrees. At the end of his journey, Gilgamesh does not show any strong reservations towards returning to Uruk. However, in one instance he asks Utanapishtim what he should do. After agreeing to return, the hero often discovers a way to shorten his return journey according to Campbell’s monomyth. This does not happen to Gilgamesh because the epic does not include a quick return scheme for the hero. The â€Å"Epic of Gilgamesh† is a story about the heroic exploits of an ancient king named Gilgamesh. The hero of this story is modeled in accordance with Joseph Campbell’s monomyth. However, there are few disparities between Campbell’s definition and Gilgamesh’s heroism. Gilgamesh accepts his call to action and then goes through trials to reach to the end of his quest. At the end of the story, he has to return to his kingdom in Uruk. Therefore, his journey as a hero coincides with Campbell’s monomyth. Works Cited Campbell, Joseph. The Hero with a Thousand Faces, Princeton, NJ: Princeton U Press, 1990. Print. Kovacs, Maureen. The Epic of Gilgamesh, Stanford, CA: Stanford U Press, 2007. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Gilgamesh and Joseph Campbell’s Monomyth was written and submitted by user Haley Pennington to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Political Theory-Facism Failure essays

Political Theory-Facism Failure essays Although it may be difficult to say one school of political thought is superior to another, we can certainly distinguish between and assess the various types. Most every political systems ideology focuses on the attainment of a content, peaceful, and productive society, whether it be a pure Democratic society, Socialism, Agrarian Republicanism, or Communitariansim. The instrumentation one must use to evaluate the disciplines of political thought must be the successful achievement of their intended goals, its adaptability to a society, and the historical results of their implementation into a society. In order to evaluate any political thought, one must first acknowledge that no political ideology has been implemented in its purest, intended form. For example, the United States is certainly not a true democracy. In this example, the political philosophy has been tainted by those in power and eventually evolved into an altered hodgepodge of political theories. To clarify, the U.S., under Franklin D. Roosevelts and again during Lyndon Johnsons leadership, displayed clear attributes of socialism due to their social welfare programs. Once this has been established, the goals of a political philosophy can be assessed. Using the aforementioned tools, one ideology we can examine is fascism. This school of thought seeks to revitalize the social, economic, and cultural facets of a nation through ethnic or national pride. However, it rejects ideas such as freedom and individual rights, and often presses for the destruction of elections and legislatures. While the goal of the political thought is well meaning, the costs to its achievement is clearly very high. When fascisms adaptation to society is examined, it becomes even simpler to judge it as a political thought. The first societies, or nations, to adapt this frame of politics were Italy and Germany in the earlier half of the 20th century. These ...

AMERICAN HISTORY SINCE 1900 Assignment Three Essay

AMERICAN HISTORY SINCE 1900 Assignment Three - Essay Example Detractors who said they could see the wisdom in some of the New Deal initially, but then feel that it went too far later pointed this out.    Perkins, Frances. The Roosevelt I Knew. New York: Viking, 1946. Print. Roosevelt showed numerous strengths as a crisis leader. He had the courage to break with the orthodoxy of the day, which is always a difficult thing to do. He took a look at the large picture and realized that letting business attempt to create some sort of Utopia was not going to end the Depression. His willingness to try something new shows good crisis leadership. He was decisive and did not waver from his basic ideals. Roosevelt did show that he could also over-react in a crisis. When the Supreme Court threatened some of his legislation and others declared unconstitutional, he showed poor judgment by trying to pack the Supreme Court with extra justices that were sympathetic to his policies. This type of rash maneuver showed that Roosevelt could create drama that actual ly made it harder to manage the crisis of the Great Depression. Leuchtenburg, William Edward. The Supreme Court Reborn: the Constitutional Revolution in the Age of Roosevelt. New York: Oxford UP, 1995. Print. The beginning of World War II changed American society in many ways. Economically, the spending on wartime manufacturing ended the Great Depression. Millions of jobs were created. But with many men called away to fight, different groups provided the labor. American teenagers dropped out of school in record numbers to work in factories. Women left the home and childcare responsibilities to work in manufacturing facilities. This greatly expanded economic opportunities for women. Minorities of all sorts were affected by the war as well. Opportunities to serve in the armed forcers were provided to African-Americans and Native Americans. American society changed forever. I am writing to recommend my very good friend Donald â€Å"The Donald† Trump as the ultimate businessman o f the 19th and 20th century. This is a fitting nomination for a gentleman that in many ways embodies the very essence of the hard-driving entrepreneurship that has helped to make America the great nation that it is. We are all aware that Donald Trump is a household name. But that isn’t why I feel he deserves this award. Plenty of business people have become household names, but none have done so with as much panache and bravado as The Donald. In order to most fully understand why Donald Trump is where he is today, we need to look at where he began. Donald grew-up in Queens and as a result has had a love of New York City his entire life. He followed in his father’s footsteps by working in the family real estate development business. It would be easy for some to say that Donald really didn’t have to work hard for his success. He was handed a business started by his father. Some might say that his story is simply a case of the rich getting richer. This might be tru e if it wasn’t for the fact that even before Donald joined the family business, he was showing the drive that would get him where he is today. His schooling was adequate at Fordham University but Donald wanted the best. He transferred to the Wharton School of Business at Penn University because he wanted to be in the very best school (Trump).

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

Management - Essay Example The professions who buy products in bulk enable the center to adopt low pricing strategies. The fact that the company deals with a large number of products such as; gardening equipments and subsequent tools attract a farming population as customers. The customers, who tend to have, all products under one roof saving their time of movement from one centre to another. This proves another advantage enabling the centre to maintain lower prices (Davidson, 500, 2004). The Cafeteria; the Garden Centre is convenient to customers; as a delayed visit in the centre does not occur to them s a worry. The foodstuffs at Garden centre appear to be light meals and beverages. The operation of garden center requires lower labor costs as the customer experience self service. The garden enjoys the advantage of tremendous turn over due to their various products like Christmas cards, Christmas trees, food stuffs amongst other products. The garden enjoys low operational costs due to their strategic business idea. The customers enjoy freedom of choice and selection of the products they need for their uses. The customers of garden centre experience easy and quick shopping; as they have all the farm products at their disposal. The customers enjoy excellent organization due to removal of service. ... This feature makes the specialized worker become quicker at producing a certain product, for example, the cafeterias section employees produce the food stuff that are quality since they have improved skill at the job. The employees receive a higher pay for specialized job. The producing expense reduces as the goods are produced in bulk. The level of production rises since the customer pool increases as they deal with an array of products. The garden adopts a situation in which each worker specialized in their area of specialization improving on their level of expertise (Davidson, 490, 2004). Levels- fast delivery times The southern Garden enjoys fast delivery times as the as all the products needed in gardening from gardening consumables are available in one shop and moreover on e department. The centre deals with both households and professionals products which give the customers value for their money. According to Davidson (444, 2004), the cafeteria enables customers to snack as wh ile hoping which conveniences them in terms of price and products. The Hire branch enables the customers rent products that they rarely use which adds them value for their money instead of the full purchase. Consistent quality The quality of products found at the southern Garden centre tends to be quality consistence due to their level of specialization both in the division sections and the products dealing. According to Davidson, (598, 2004).Chances that the products from the centre are high quality are high, and one can never go wrong with their products. Reliability on time delivery Davidson (612, 2004) asserts that, the delivery services of Southern Garden Centre, tends to be effective that is the reason why they serve a market of a third; the rest of the

Impact of Child Protection Regulation on Practices

Impact of Child Protection Regulation on Practices Introduction: Supporting children means working for the development of the care systems, development of the education of the of the children around the world. Saving children from the disability problems and making an environment of nondiscrimination of gender and other aspects. Through giving supports to the children for expressing their opinions and views freely we can support the children. There are several legislative policies and procedures issued for the betterment of the children but the successful imposition and make those policies and procedures come in to force is much important than only issuing those policies and procedures. When you are going to make those legislative issues come into force you have to take it into mind that how those should be implemented and how successfully they works for the betterment of the children. Describe the main legislation which relate to working with children. Some main legislation that relate to working with children are as follows: United Nation Convention on the Rights of a Child-1989 The United Nations Convention based on the Rights of a Child that was signed by the UK in the year 1991. This convention sets out the principles for a legal framework to justify all the aspects for the care system, development and education of all the children around the world. The articles made on that convention cover: disability, nondiscrimination of gender, nondiscrimination on the grounds of religion, language, social or ethnic origin; economic, social care, cultural and all other protective rights related to children. Protection of the Children Act 1999 The Protection of the Children Act 1999 had come into force in October 2000 and this act gives the Secretary of any State the power to keep a list of people who are not suitable to work with children and vulnerable young people. All authorized childcare organizations have a statutory duty to refer particular individuals for the inclusion in the list they have to keep. Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001 An amendment to the DDA act 1995 is the Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001, that amendment extends the requirement for making some reasonable adjustments for the people who are disabled to include schools, colleges and other education providers as well. Every Child Matters: Change for Children act 2003 In the year 2003, the Government had published a green paper called ‘Every Child Matters’. This paper was published including a wide consultation with the people who are working in childrens services and with their parents, children and young vulnerable people as well people. Following that consultation, the Government also published ‘Every Child Matters’: the Next Steps, and passed the Children Act 2004 later on. Children Act 2004 Children Act 2004 is an update of the Children Act 1989 but it does not supersede the Children Act 1989. Children Act 2004 provides a legislative base for a wider strategy that will improve the childrens living standard. This also covers those universal services which every child must accesses, and provides more targeted services for those people with additional needs. This updated Children Act 2004 also placed a new duty on the local government to promote the educational achievement for looking after the children. The other legislations that relates with the working children are as follows: Working Together to Safeguard Children 2006, updated 2010 Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006 Childcare Act 2006 Equalities Act 2010 Discuss the ways that different pieces of legislation determine and influences the working practices. There we got several legislations on the working practices with children around the world. There are some ways that different pieces of legislation determine and influences the working practices. Safeguarding the children: Different legislations on working with children underpins the laws to safeguard the children from being exploited. Those legislations make the local authorities compel to take care about the children in their area. Understanding of rights: A better understanding of rights and power relationships has been established by different legislative programs for many years. Those act and laws that are established by the governing body of any country helps to determine the rights the vulnerable children must acquire. Anti-oppressive and anti-discriminatory practice: Different pieces of legislation determine and influence the working practices with children in the way that helps children being oppressed and discriminated. Anti-oppressive and anti-discriminatory practices are established and came into force by the grace of those different pieces of legislation. Working with diversity: Working with diversity is not just about gender, sexual orientation or race. In our communities there we see many factors that make each of the individual responsible for the roles they must have to play; the role of values, culture, attitudes and social power are all important in the field of working with children. Different pieces of legislation are able to determine accomplish those roles. 2.1 Describe how policies and practices can reflect fair, just and inclusive strategies. Children and young people need to know what to expect when they are with us. This means you need to be fair and consistent in your behavior to the children. To be fair and consistent in behavior to the children you need to follow some strategies which can be established by you or any expertise in practice. The policies and practices described in the laws and acts regarding working with the children can reflect fair, just and inclusive strategies need to be precisely established for working with the children. Policies and practices require the services providers to make reasonable and accurate adjustments so that disabled children can access their services to the best level. Policies and practices gave the authorities a duty to promote and reinforce equality for disabled and vulnerable children. Policies and practices can reflect fair, just and inclusive strategies because it make compel all regulated and authorities childcare organizations have a statutory duty to appoint individuals for the inclusion in the list and must not appoint individuals and volunteers, in posts that policies bring them into contact for working with the children, whose names are included in the list they made. The policies of Children Act 2004 aims is to encourage integrated planning regarding the children, commissioning and delivery of the services as well as improve the multi-disciplinary working systems, remove duplication of the policies, increase accountability of the service workers and improve the coordination of individuals working within the same grounds and joint inspections in the local authorities. 3.1 Describe some ways that settings may use to ensure that practitioner can access policies. Practitioners can access policies regarding working with children. The practitioner must need to know some information that may help them to access policies. They must acquire knowledge about How to deal with those children who often face stereotyping and prejudice problem for a wide variety of reasons. How to treat children who need to have valued their cultures and customs and understand the importance of culture to children. How to introduce culture and customs to the children for their everyday learning. Parents and careers who often don’t want to highlight issues of discrimination that happens to them. Children who often suffer issues of discrimination in silence and never make claims to get out of those discriminations. About the prejudice incidents they don’t hear/see, that does not mean that they are not happening to the children. About the parent’s abuse and prejudice language incident is not acceptable. About the new arrivals to the setting or this country often suffer from culture shock. Stereotyping on any grounds is not acceptable particularly regarding to work with the children. Acquiring knowledge about all the cultures and customs need to be embraced. The practitioner need to know how children experience the world differently depends on their background. Knowing about their religion, belief and dress can also help the practitioner to get access to the policies regarding the working with children. If practitioner needs to get access to the policies they to know how to support the literacy and language needs of parents and careers, how to respect all families and the children of those families, how to support staff to build up a working knowledge of diverse communities for the betterment of the children. Going through those tasks a practitioner who is going to work to with the children can get access to the policies relating to the children’s safeguard and development. 3.2 Apply knowledge of a wide range of procedures for safeguarding children to show understanding of the appropriate ways to follow these procedures. Determining the needed procedures for safeguarding children is just the first step for working with the children. Here we applied knowledge of a wide range of procedures for safeguarding children to show understanding of the appropriate ways to follow these procedures. Communication to staff, parents and children. The career must consider different communication needs and methods. They need to tell everyone why procedures are needed for working with the children and answer any questions they may have. Training and awareness for all the service providers at the initial stage and then they have to update their staff’s knowledge on a continuous basis. Specific training for those with lead or named responsibility for child safeguarding. Induction new workers need to know safeguarding procedures and their responsibilities included in their induction system before they start to have contact with the children. Monitoring and supervision of the application used in the procedures. Workers also need to be asked about safeguarding issues and awareness when discussing their progress and review of their work regarding children’s development. Recording and information sharing are those procedures that will examine is everything accurate and within the guidelines of your established procedures? Do service providers need any support or additional training programs to be arranged in recording and sharing information with each other and other agencies? Recruitment and vetting states; do all the recruitment processes take safeguarding of the children into account? Managing allegations or prejudice incidents within your organization; after an allegation or suspicion about a child safeguarding concern has been investigated thoroughly, there could be strong feelings from the service providers, parents and children and possibly within the wider society, which will need to be addressed first. There could be some other issues around the workplace: communication rumor or fact guilt or blame; if suspicions have been around for a long time impact on children, of the nature of what have occurred and to whom there have gaps in the organization in terms of roles and posts held. There should be some plan opportunities for sharing information, support and debriefing about the children. Your communication strategy should include responding to possible media enquiries relating to the children. 4.1 Evaluate one theoretical perspective which underpins the development of strategies for empowering children. Here we have evaluate one theoretical perspective named ‘Contemporary Childhood Theory – Beyond the Boxes’ This paper we made here has been drawn from recent a ‘Childhood Theory’ as set out by Alan Prout (2005). Alan argues that childhood period is heterogeneous and complex in nature. He also suggests that the time has come for the new social studies of working with the children to move beyond the promoting of the notion that the child is an agent to recognizing that different paradigms each have something to offer the analysis the behavior of the children. He urges us on his paper not to produce any normalized description but to ‘keep the question of what children is open’. He suggests the impact of technology on children is widely exaggerated and that we need to move away from false dichotomies in our analysis of childhood of the children Specifically he challenges in his theoretical perspective the nature and culture divide drawing from a number of authors to argue we cannot separate out technology/science from culture in which children lives. He suggests that the future of children is dependent on writers coming to terms with that notion ‘nature culture’. Pout also states, ‘Thus I want to argue that only by understanding the way in which childhood of children is constructed by the heterogeneous elements of nature and culture, which in any case cannot be easily separated, will it be possible to take the field forward’.. He further traces the emergence of Childhood Studies in the 19th and 20th century concluding that this period is characterized by writing that promotes false divisions between the social and biological and that these must be overcome if childhood studies of children is to continue to advance as a discipline. It is argued that the variables in the social life are in constant interplay and that small variables at a point in time can change the history of a system. The central of this discussion is the belief that different systems with similar starting points can end up radically different. Indeed, Prouts has promoted of the concept of bifurcation – the idea that some changes are non-reversible gives much hope for the application of Childhood theory of the children of practical settings. Prout also makes a aware and courageous decision to moves away from his contemporaries in the children’s Childhood Studies who still reify the social. This discuss of theoretical perspective underpins the development strategies for empowering children. 4.2 Assess the effectiveness of the strategies which empower children to develop self-confidence and self-reliance. Following a daily routine is a strategy which has most preferences in use to empower children. The daily routine for children provides with a consistent and predictable sequence of daily events that gives all the children a sense of control over what happens in their day to day life. Different types of settings develop different routines depend how long children do stay in the premises and their age limit, but most of the daily routines contain basic components such as: a) outside routine, b) large group time, c)small group time, d) register time, e) art/craft time, f) tidy up time and g) snack/meal time. During following the daily routine the children learns to make their choices and discovers their consequences. This system creates sort of secure environment for the children, because children know what to expect and this appropriate allows them to be more involve in the tasks and more co-operative with the practitioner in charge. The second strategy for empowering children is planning and providing different activities and experiences for children. This strategy is suggested by the EYFS because this strategy allows for adventure, exploration and gaining new experiences through different activities. Different activities, which provide developed range of skills and abilities to the children. Taking part in different activities allows children learn social interactions and behaviors’ such as sharing equipment, taking turns 5.1 Explain the key issues which relate to the practice which support children to prepare for transfer and transitions. When preparing children for transfer and transitions some key issues will need to be addressed to support them. Information through research indicates that there are some specific essential components for supporting successful transfer and transitions in children, including the following: 1. Ensuring basic needs are met properly. 2. Maintaining and encouraging positive relationships. 3. Providing basic support and resources to children in their new environment and modify or adapting daily routines, as appropriate. 4. Providing choices and involving the children in the transfer and transition process to promote and support self-advocacy. 5. Supporting the need for increased independence and helping children create their own identity. 6. Ensuring that all transfer and transition plans are well coordinated and integrated and information is shared with parents and across sectors. Supporting the child through the transfer and transition can be vital for their successfulness, if the correct support is put in the correct place the children will be more comfortable with the changes that are happening in their life. 6.1 Discuss the causes and effects on children of discrimination in society in ways that show a clear understanding of the nature of discrimination. If the children are in contact with discrimination they often want help of participating others, that time they become less confident around others and also isolate themselves to reduce the risk of being upset or hurt by others. Causes are: Social separation; if someone seems socially not confident then they may not seclude themselves from social situations; this can be happened to the children also. People’s opinions; we know that everyone has their own views and opinions on different things happened around them; however in practical life you should be able to share everyones opinions and provide equal opportunities for everyone as well. Differences; if someone can point out differences in a person then other people, especially children, they can pick up on this leading to the discrimination they face . Religions; do you a setting educate and celebrate different religions? Celebrating different events exist in various religions to educate everyone on the difference of the world. Effects are: Becomes isolated; this is lonely and cheerless for the children that it’s effecting them, their self-confidence will be lower than the normal stage, therefore they also separate themselves from others to avoid contact which may make them upset which can stump their social development as well. Opinions can be relayed onto others; if someone talks about their own opinion enough then other people can start to agree with them, or may be pressured into thinking the same as, this can mean more severe discrimination will be caused against children because of their new views. Conclusion: In confine we can state it that supporting children is a task that has to carry out very carefully. To support the vulnerable children first off all you have to go through all the legislative issues relating to supporting children around the world. Those legislations work in different ways in the practice. Those legislation must be drawn out and implemented in a way that they can give fair, just and inclusive view to the strategies the practitioner follows to guide the children under him/her. The practitioner who works with the children must have the ability to understand the policies related to the supporting the children.

Sentence Structure

Sentence Structure and Avoiding Run-on Sentences Sentence Structure Depending on the number and type of clauses they contain, sentences are classified as simple, compound, complex, compound-complex. 1. Simple Sentences A simple sentence contains only one independent clause. Without dancing, life would not be fun. A simple sentence can also contain compound elements (subject, verb, object). Evil enters like a needle and spreads like an oak. (compound verb) 2. Compound sentences A compound sentence consists of two or more independent clauses with no subordinate clauses. They are joined with a comma and a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, nor, so, for, yet) or with a semicolon. He wanted to join the group, but the other members wouldn’t let him. Most singers gain fame through hard work and dedication; Evita, however, found another means. 3. Complex sentences A complex sentence is composed of one independent clause with one or more subordinate clauses. The fur that warms a monarch once warmed a bear. Home is the place where you slip in the tub and break your neck. Talent is what you possess. Dig a well before you are thirsty. Whoever gossips to you will gossip about you. Juan can run faster than I can bicycle. When he adopts a creed, a scientist commits suicide. The receptionist knows [that] you are here. Subordinating Adverbs afterbeforerather thanthoughwherealthough even thoughsinceunlesswhetherasas if if howso thatuntilwhilethan whenwhybecausein order thatthatbecause although Relative Pronouns thatwhowhomwhosewhich Other words introducing subordinate clauses whoeverwhomeverwhateverwhicheverwheneverwherever The above is true in both Spanish and English (Hacker, 2009, 768-770). Run-On Sentences Run-on sentences are a serious problem because they indicate that the writer does not understand basic sentence structure either in Spanish or English. Run-ons are independent clauses (a word group that can stand alone as a complete sentence) that have not been joined correctly. There are two types of run-on sentences. When a writer puts no punctuation and no coordinating conjunction between independent clauses, the sentence is said to be fused. EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone they are essential for the hearing paired. A more common run-on sentence is the comma splice—two independent clauses joined with a comma without a coordinating conjunction (and, so, but, for, yet, or, nor). EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone, they are essential for the hearing impaired. In other comma splices, the comma is accompanied by a joining word that is not a coordinating conjunction. EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone, however they are essential for the hearing impaired. There are four methods of fixing a run-on sentence: 1. Use a comma and coordinating conjunction: EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone, but they are essential for the hearing impaired. 2. Use a semi-colon (if the clauses are related) or a colon or a dash to separate the independent clauses. EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone; they are essential for the hearing impaired. Sometimes the semi-colon is accompanied by a transitional expression. EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone; however, they are essential for the hearing impaired. Other common transitions: moreover, nevertheless, for example, in fact, etc. ). If appropriate you may also use a colon or a dash (less formal than the colon): EX: Nuclear waste is hazardous: This is an indisputable fact. 3. Make the clauses into separate sentences. EX: Gestures are a means of communication for everyone. They are essential for the hearing impaired. 4. Restructure the sentence so that one of the clauses becomes subordinate. EX: While gestures are a means of communication for everyone, they are essential for the hearing impaired (Hacker, 2009, 296-308). EXERCISE Revise any run-on sentences using a technique that you find effective. If a sentence is correct write correct after it. 1. Carlos never drove the vintage cars his father left him, however, he wouldn’t sell them. 2. The volunteers worked hard to clean up after the hurricane, in fact, many of them did not sleep for days. 3. The center of Monterrey is the Macroplaza, this plaza is one of the largest in the world. 4. I ran the three blocks as fast as I could I missed the bus. 5. We didn’t trust her, she had lied before. 6. If you want to get good grades, consider this advice, don’t wait until the end of the semester to start studying. 7. Juan is a top competitor he has been running for years. 8. The floor around the refreshment stand was sticky, I was lucky to make it away with both shoes on my feet. 9. The streets of Mexico City are dangerous, it is not safe to drive. 10. Are you able endure boredom, then this might be the right career for you. 11. We planned to spend our vacation at Padre Island, however, the hurricane made us come home earlier than we had planned. 2. There was one major reason for his wealth, his grandfather had been a multi-millionaire. 13. President Fox was standing next to the podium, he was waiting for President Bush to introduce him to the press. 14. Mr. Romero is an excellent linguist, he speaks six languages. 15. Somedays I only have money for the bus, lunch is a luxury I cannot afford. 16. The building is being renovated we have no heat or water. 17. The next time an event is canceled because of rain, don’t blame the weatherman, blame nature.

Comparison Tom and Gatsby in “The Great Gatsby” Essay

In â€Å"The Great Gatsby,† written by Scott Fitzgerald, Tom Buchanan and Jay Gatsby are two characters that struggle with the idea of losing their shared love interest, Daisy. Tom and Gatsby’s attachment to Daisy is differently justified due to their contrasting views, personalities, attitudes, actions, backgrounds, and other factors, some of which they do share and concur in. Fitzgerald did a great thing here. He created two purposefully different characters- one that is easily despised, the other that although not perfect, is likable- and united them in their love for money, the power that comes with it , and their haunt for the ultimate prize – Daisy. In this essay, we will analyze Tom and Gatsby’s differences and similarities in several areas, and decide whether or not they are perfect foils of each other like they are commonly perceived to be. To describe who Tom and Gatsby are, we must first analyze where they come from. In this area, Tom Buchannan and Jay Gatsby couldn’t be more different. Tom comes from an old and wealthy Chicago family, hence his residence in East Egg where the old aristocracy of the country’s richest families reside. Tom symbolizes the idea of being born into a golden crib, a prestigious family name, and into old money. Tom is one of those privileged few who never had to work for anything in his life, but is â€Å"privileged† the right description for him? Fitzgerald says in the story, â€Å"They were careless people, Tom and Daisy—they smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness, or whatever it was that kept them together, and let other people clean up the mess they had made.† Tom’s past never allowed him to learn how to own up to his mistakes, accept fault, and deal with difficult situations, but rather made him unable to adapt to the real world. Because of this, I use the term â€Å"privileged† loosely when describing Tom. On the other hand, Jay Gatsby was born into what some of us call â€Å"the other side of the tracks.† Gatsby faced an impecunious childhood in rural North Dakota, but was an ambitious small town boy with big dreams who thought himself to be superior to the farming life, and simply rejected the lot he had been dealt in life. Gatsby’s father says to the narrator, Nick, â€Å"Jimmy was bound to get ahead†¦ Do you notice what he’s got about improving his mind? He was always great for that†, and that is exactly what Gatsby did.  Gatsby left his home town and set out to find his fortune, and although some of his actions were not too admirable, James Gatz, the poor farm boy, used his ingenuity to reinvent himself and become Jay Gatsby, the self-made millionaire. Fitzgerald makes Gatsby’s residence in West Egg, where the newly rich reside, a place for a class of vulgar and ostentatious people who will always lack the social grace and taste that the r esidents of East Egg possess, and can only be achieved from birth. Although the green light in Daisy’s garden is symbolic for hope, I think it also symbolizes the â€Å"green-eyed monster†. It symbolizes the envy and frustration Gatsby must feel through the realization that even though he achieved an incredible amount of wealth, he will never be an East Egger. Gatsby’s impoverished past makes him unacceptable to this socially elite East Egg society that Tom was born into, and is naturally an accepted part of. Now that we know about their contrasting pasts, let us take a look at their personalities. Tom is an overpowering, large man who uses his presence to intimidate people. It says in the book , â€Å"two shining, arrogant eyes had established dominance over his face and gave him the appearance of always leaning aggressively forward. Not even the effeminate swank of his riding clothes could hide the enormous power of that body†¦it was a body capable of enormous leverage†¦a cruel body.† On the other hand, Gatsby seems to be shy and reserved to the point where he is not even acknowledged at his own parties. In my opinion, Gatsby did not do so well when attempting to pull off a defying front during his confrontation with Tom. Tom also comes off as a racist bigot who fears that the Black race will eventually submerge the White race, a sexist, and an abusive, insensitive, â€Å"brute†, like Daisy calls him. Gatsby’s open house parties which contain very colorful characters, on the other hand, seem to show little prejudice or judgment in his persona. Gatsby’s action of waiting outside the Buchannan’s home all night just to make sure Tom would not physically harm Daisy, show just how sensitive Gatsby is to Daisy’s well being. Tom seems to be very blunt and crude, while Gatsby’s distinguishing feature is the enigma that is his life. Jay Gatsby holds himself to high expectations and lived his life chasing a single dream, while Tom Buchanan seems to have no direction, goals, or dreams, other than to waste away his wealth, and please his selfish needs. In my opinion, the fundamental difference between Tom and Gatsby is how Fitzgerald  decided that justice would be served to each concerning part. Tom is the definition of selfishness, arrogance, cruelty, and ultimately, the ugly side of inherited wealth. Despite all his faults, Gatsby is more good than he is bad, and is a clear rags-to-riches success story. However, Tom ends up getting away scot free, never facing any consequences for his actions or immorality, while Gatsby ends up killed for a crime he did not commit, to save a women who did not love him back. As always, the poor man gets the short end of the stick. Now that we stated some clear differences between Tom and Gatsby, lets look at some of their similarities. Tom and Gatsby are both dishonest and deeply flawed men who commit consistent shows of indiscretions. For example, Tom condemns Daisy’s affair, but does not have the decency to be discreet about his own. Gatsby’s shady business dealings with Wolfsheim and illicit ways of acquiring wealth can, without a doubt, compare to Tom’s unscrupulous character. Both Tom and Gatsby lie and cheat, but Tom does it for the sole purpose of self-indulgence, while Gatsby does what he does in pursuance of his dream. Tom and Gatsby both have controlling personalities, and will do what they can to get what they want, regardless of the consequences. Another similarity between Tom and Gatsby is that both men seem to be playing a role when every they’re in public, by putting on a facade for others to see. With his good looks, education, horses, polo shirts, riding pants, and boots, Tom tries to impress and dissemble others, while hiding the monster he really is. On the same token, the ostentatious parties, mysterious past, and made up stories are all used by Gatsby to hide his hum ble beginnings, and corrupt ways of attaining his wealth. Without a doubt, Gatsby and Tom’s most obvious connection is their link to Daisy. Beautiful, educated, and well groomed, Daisy is the personification of feminism in the 1920’s, and women of an elite social class. Although Daisy is the object of their affection, or better yet, desire, I do not think that either Tom or Gatsby are in love with her. Tom is so pompous, that he married Daisy not because he loved her, but because everyone else wanted her. Tom wants to keep Daisy now because he knows how socially unacceptable divorce would have been, and she looks good under his arm. Gatsby is not so much in love with her, as much as he is with the idea of her. Gatsby places Daisy on this pedestal, and wants her to live up to expectations that she neither can, wants, or deserves. In a way, both Tom and Gatsby see Daisy as  a highly desirable prize that will attest to their own self-worth. In conclusion, because Tom and Gatsby do share some characteristics with each other they may not be â€Å"perfect† foils, but looking at the big picture, they are like oil and water. Tom is a despicable character who embodies everything that is wrong with society, and flies through life unpunished. Gatsby is a man who came from humble beginnings, and made something out of himself for the sole purpose of recuperating the one thing that ever made him feel alive – Daisy. Gatsby lied, cheated, and took part in organized crime, so what can possibly him great, you may ask. Well, in my opinion, Gatsby’s never-ending optimism, simplicity of heart, and power to make his dreams into reality is what makes him â€Å"Great†. In reality, Gatsby never cared for the glamorous parties, the nice clothes, or the fast cars. Acquiring these luxuries were only important to him because he felt like they were necessary for him to accomplish his ultimate goal- winning Daisy’s heart back. Daisy embodied Gatsby’s American dream, and unfortunately for him, his search for her was somewhat more of a fatally romantic idealism that seemed to be best suited in a world of fairy tails and happy endings. I agree with Nick when he tells Gatsby, â€Å"They’re a rotten crowd†¦ you’re worth the whole damn bunch put together.†